/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --sidebar-bg: #2c2c2c;
    --sidebar-text: #ffffff;
    --sidebar-hover: #404040;
    --primary-color: #6366f1;
    --primary-dark: #4f46e5;
    --secondary-color: #8b5cf6;
    --text-color: #1f2937;
    --text-light: #6b7280;
    --bg-color: #ffffff;
    --bg-light: #f9fafb;
    --border-color: #e5e7eb;
    --shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
}

/* Main Layout */
.main-layout {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

/* Sidebar */
.sidebar {
    width: 350px;
    background-color: var(--sidebar-bg);
    color: var(--sidebar-text);
    padding: 40px 30px;
    position: fixed;
    height: 100vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    box-shadow: 2px 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    z-index: 9999; /* 强制最高层级 */
}

/* Profile Section */
.sidebar-profile {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.profile-picture {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.profile-picture img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.profile-name {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--sidebar-text);
    text-align: center;
}

/* Navigation Menu */
.sidebar-navigation {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.sidebar-menu {
    list-style: none;
}

.sidebar-menu li {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.sidebar-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--sidebar-text);
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.sidebar-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--sidebar-hover);
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.sidebar-link.active {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.sidebar-link .icon {
    margin-right: 12px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* Submenu Styles */
.sidebar-submenu {
    list-style: none;
    margin-left: 20px;
    margin-top: 5px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    display: none; /* Hide submenus by default */
}

.sidebar-submenu li {
    margin-bottom: 3px;
}

.sidebar-sublink {
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.sidebar-sublink:hover {
    background-color: var(--sidebar-hover);
    color: white;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

/* Third-level submenu */
.sidebar-submenu .sidebar-submenu {
    margin-left: 15px;
}

.sidebar-submenu .sidebar-submenu .sidebar-sublink {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
}

/* Education & Experience Section */
.education-item {
    background-color: white;
    padding: 25px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.education-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Search Section */
.sidebar-search {
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.search-label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--sidebar-text);
}

.search-container {
    display: flex;
    gap: 5px;
}

.search-input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #444;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background-color: var(--sidebar-hover);
    color: var(--sidebar-text);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.search-input::placeholder {
    color: #888;
}

.search-input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.search-btn {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.search-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Main Content */
.main-content {
    flex: 1;
    margin-left: 350px;
    padding: 40px 60px;
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 0;
    overflow-x: hidden; /* 防止横向滚动溢出 */
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    margin-bottom: 60px;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.page-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.intro-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.intro-text p {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Content Sections */
.content-section {
    margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.section-content {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.section-content p {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 32px;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
}

.btn-outline {
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background-color: transparent;
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

/* Projects Grid */
.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.project-card {
    background-color: white;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.project-icon {
    font-size: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.project-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.project-card p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-content {
    max-width: 600px;
}

.contact-content p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.contact-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .main-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .sidebar {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        padding: 30px 20px;
        z-index: 100;
    }
    
    .main-content {
        margin-left: 0;
        padding: 30px 20px;
    }
    
    .page-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .sidebar {
        padding: 20px 15px;
    }
    
    .profile-picture {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }
    
    .profile-name {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
    
    .sidebar-menu {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr));
        gap: 8px;
    }
    
    .sidebar-link {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 10px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .sidebar-link .icon {
        margin-right: 8px;
    }
    
    .main-content {
        padding: 20px 15px;
    }
    
    .page-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .projects-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .contact-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .contact-buttons .btn {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .awards-header h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .award-details {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 8px;
    }
    
    .award-label {
        min-width: auto;
        font-weight: 700;
        margin-top: 10px;
        color: var(--primary-color);
    }
    
    .category-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .content-header h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .skills-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    /* Mobile adjustments for Research Items */
    .research-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
        padding-bottom: 25px;
        margin-bottom: 25px;
    }
    
    .research-media {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .research-thumbnail {
        width: 100%;
        height: 200px;
    }

    .research-thumb-below {
        width: 160px;
    }
    
    .news-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 5px;
    }
    
    .news-date {
        min-width: auto;
        color: var(--primary-color);
    }
    
    .edu-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 5px;
    }
    
    .edu-year {
        min-width: auto;
        color: var(--primary-color);
    }
    
    .name-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .contact-links {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    /* Mobile adjustments for Beyond Academics Gallery */
    .gallery-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
    
    .photo-tile {
        width: 260px;
        height: 180px;
    }
    
    /* Disable hover expand effect on mobile touch screens */
    @media (hover: none) {
        .photo-tile:hover {
            width: 260px;
            z-index: 1;
            box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(31, 41, 55, 0.08);
        }
        .photo-tile:hover img {
            object-fit: cover;
            transform: none;
        }
    }
}

/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Awards Page Specific Styles */
.awards-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.awards-header h1 {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.awards-header p {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.awards-content {
    max-width: 900px;
}

.award-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    padding: 30px;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.award-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.award-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f0f0f0;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
}

.award-details {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
    gap: 10px 30px;
}

.award-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color);
    min-width: 100px;
}

.award-value {
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.category-section {
    margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.category-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.back-to-home {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 60px;
    padding-top: 30px;
    border-top: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

/* Robotics Project Page Styles */
.project-section {
    margin-bottom: 80px;
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.project-section:last-of-type {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.content-header {
    margin-bottom: 60px;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.content-header h1 {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.content-header p {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.project-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-top: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.project-content ul {
    list-style-position: inside;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.project-content ul li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.project-content strong {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.project-image {
    margin-top: 30px;
    text-align: center;
}

.skills-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 25px;
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.skill-card {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f9fafb 0%, #ffffff 100%);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.skill-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.skill-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.skill-card p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.achievement-list {
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.achievement-item {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f9fafb 0%, #ffffff 100%);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.achievement-item h4 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.achievement-item ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
}

.achievement-item ul li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.achievement-item ul li strong {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

/* Code styling */
code {
    background-color: #f3f4f6;
    padding: 2px 6px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
    font-size: 0.9em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Background image styling */
.project-section-with-bg {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.project-section-with-bg::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.15;
    z-index: 0;
}

.project-section-with-bg .project-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
}

/* Smooth scroll */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* ========================================
   ACADEMIC HOMEPAGE STYLES (Tony Zhao Style)
   ======================================== */

/* Hero Academic Section */
.hero-academic {
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.name-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.bio-section {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.bio-section p {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.bio-section a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.bio-section a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.hero-academic .home-contact {
    margin-top: 32px;
    padding-top: 24px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
}

.hero-academic .home-email,
.hero-academic .home-email:link,
.hero-academic .home-email:visited {
    color: #1f2937;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    width: fit-content;
}

.hero-academic .home-email:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-academic .home-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0;
    row-gap: 10px;
}

.hero-academic .home-links a,
.hero-academic .home-links a:link,
.hero-academic .home-links a:visited {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    color: #6b7280;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 0 14px 0 0;
    margin-right: 14px;
    border-right: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    line-height: 1.2;
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.hero-academic .home-links a:last-child {
    border-right: none;
    margin-right: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
}

.hero-academic .home-links a svg {
    width: 15px;
    height: 15px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.hero-academic .home-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-academic .home-links a.home-cv {
    color: #374151;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.hero-academic .home-address {
    margin: 0;
    color: #9ca3af;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.research-interests {
    list-style: disc;
    margin-left: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.research-interests li {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

/* Contact Links Row */
.contact-links {
    margin-top: 20px;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.contact-link {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.contact-link:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.link-separator {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin: 0 8px;
}

/* News Section */
.news-list {
    margin-top: 8px;
    max-height: 10rem;
    overflow-y: auto;
    padding-right: 8px;
    scrollbar-width: thin;
    scrollbar-color: #d1d5db transparent;
}

.news-list::-webkit-scrollbar {
    width: 6px;
}

.news-list::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
    background: transparent;
}

.news-list::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
    background: #d1d5db;
    border-radius: 3px;
}

.news-list::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
    background: #9ca3af;
}

.news-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.news-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.news-date {
    min-width: 100px;
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.news-content {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.news-content a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.news-content a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Research/Project Items (Publication Style) */
.research-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 35px;
    padding-bottom: 35px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.research-media {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 180px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 8px;
}

.research-thumb-below {
    width: 180px;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 6px;
    display: block;
    cursor: zoom-in;
}

.research-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.research-thumbnail {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 180px;
    height: 120px;
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.research-thumbnail img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}

.research-thumbnail:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.18);
}

.research-thumbnail.zoom-fill img {
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

.research-thumbnail.zoom-fill:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.4);
}

/* Click-to-enlarge image lightbox */
.zoomable {
    cursor: zoom-in;
}

.lightbox-overlay {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.88);
    display: none;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 9999;
    cursor: zoom-out;
    padding: 30px;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.lightbox-overlay.active {
    display: flex;
    opacity: 1;
}

.lightbox-img {
    max-width: 95vw;
    max-height: 95vh;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
}

.lightbox-close {
    position: fixed;
    top: 18px;
    right: 26px;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 40px;
    line-height: 1;
    font-weight: 300;
    cursor: pointer;
    user-select: none;
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.lightbox-close:hover {
    opacity: 1;
}

.video-thumb {
    position: relative;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.video-thumb img {
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
}

.play-badge {
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    background: rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.78);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 4px 8px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.video-thumb:hover .play-badge {
    background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.92);
}

.video-modal {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.92);
    display: none;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 10000;
    padding: 20px;
}

.video-modal.active {
    display: flex;
}

.video-modal-inner {
    width: min(96vw, 1400px);
    position: relative;
}

.video-modal video {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-height: 82vh;
    background: #000;
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: block;
}

.video-modal-bar {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: #e5e7eb;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.video-modal-bar button {
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 7px 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: #fff;
    color: #111827;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 13px;
}

.video-modal-close {
    position: fixed;
    top: 16px;
    right: 24px;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 40px;
    line-height: 1;
    cursor: pointer;
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.research-info {
    flex: 1;
}

.research-title {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.research-title a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.research-title a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.research-authors {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.research-venue {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.research-desc {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.research-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.research-link {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 4px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
}

.research-link:hover {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--primary-color);
}

/* Education Brief Section */
.education-brief {
    margin-top: 15px;
}

.edu-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.edu-year {
    min-width: 110px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-light);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.edu-info {
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.edu-note {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Responsive adjustments for academic style */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }
    
    .research-media {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .research-thumbnail {
        width: 100%;
        height: 180px;
    }

    .research-thumb-below {
        width: 160px;
    }
    
    .news-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 5px;
    }
    
    .news-date {
        min-width: auto;
    }
    
    .edu-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 5px;
    }
    
    .edu-year {
        min-width: auto;
    }
    
    .name-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .contact-links {
        display: flex;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 5px;
    }
}

/* Robotics journey timeline (home page, below News): compact vertical list, oldest to now */
.robotics-timeline {
    list-style: none;
    position: relative;
}

.robotics-timeline::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 12px;
    bottom: 12px;
    left: 5px;
    width: 1px;
    background: var(--border-color);
}

.timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 26px;
}

.timeline-item::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 1px;
    width: 9px;
    height: 9px;
    margin-top: -4.5px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--bg-color);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.timeline-item a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 6px 0;
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.timeline-item img {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    width: 96px;
    height: 64px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 4px;
    filter: saturate(0.85);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
}

.timeline-item a:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    filter: none;
}

/* Same type scale as the News list */
.timeline-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    min-width: 0;
}

.timeline-year {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.timeline-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.timeline-desc {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.timeline-item a:hover .timeline-title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}